Tuesday, November 13, 2007

Another "opportunity to respond" vs. SD

On p. 366 Malott explained how some stimulus situations that were formerly thought to function as SDs don't really fit that definition. The example was Mary having to eat her meal before the deadline (mealtime's end) in order to avoid losing the reinforcer that would be delivered the next day. If that deadline functions as an SD, then the corresponding SΔ would be after mealtime ends. The problem with that is that after mealtime ends, it's no longer possible to carry out the target behavior of eating her meal. So instead of the deadline functioning as an SD, Malott tells us it functions as an "opportunity to respond." This is like situations in which an operandum (e.g., the lever in a Skinner box) might seem to function as an SD but, in fact, since the target behavior cannot even occur in its absence, the presence of the operandum really functions as the opportunity to respond.

OK, on to p. 380. Carefully think about the examples diagrammed there. It seems to me that after the play ends (labeled as the SΔ), the target behavior of making a good play cannot be performed. If I'm right about this, then in those two diagrams, there should be no SΔ box nor its corresponding "after" box, and the box describing the deadline should be labeled "Opportunity to respond" instead of SD.

What do you think?

1 comment:

Lisa M. said...

I agree. You can't have an "after" if there is no way for the behavior to occur. For the sake of demonstration and understanding the idea, however, I like how the text does this.